Guides
Woodworking guides and how-tos
Our roundups answer "which one should I buy?" This section answers the questions that come before and after that: what a tool is for, how a technique actually works, and how to think about a whole shop rather than a single purchase. If a roundup is the shopping list, the guides are the reasoning behind it.
A guide here is one of two things. The first is an explainer— a plain-language piece that clears up a distinction people get stuck on, like the difference between woodworking and carpentry, or between a jointer and a planer. These aren't buying pages; they exist to give you the vocabulary and the mental model so that when you do read a roundup, the trade-offs make sense instead of washing over you.
The second is a project-driven how-to— a walkthrough tied to a task rather than a product, like cutting your first dovetails or standing up a first shop. These name specific tools where it helps, and link out to the relevant roundup so you can see exactly what we'd buy, but the how-to itself is about the work: the steps in order, what each stage is for, and the mistakes worth skipping.
What ties the two together is that none of them is tied to one product. That's deliberate. A guide that quietly exists to sell you a single tool isn't a guide, it 's an ad wearing a guide's clothes. These pages are here to make you a better buyer and a more confident maker, and if the honest answer is "you already own what you need," we'd rather say that than invent a reason to spend.
A good path if you're starting from scratch: read the woodworking-versus-carpentry explainer to make sure you're pointed at the right craft, then work through the shop-setup guides to build a first kit without overbuying, then reach for the technique how-tos as specific projects demand them. If you already know what you're building, jump straight to the guide that matches the job. When you're ready to actually buy, every guide points you back to the relevant roundup — or start from our best woodworking tools overview.
If the thing standing between you and a purchase is a decision rather than a technique — which router type, how much CFM, what to buy first — the buying guides collect those pages separately, including the reference charts.
And if you are shopping for a woodworker rather than being one, the gifts for woodworkersguides explain the same picks in gifter's language — why each one lands, who it suits, and what to check before you buy. Our Black Friday woodworking deals page covers the timing question that goes with it.
Browse the guides
- Explainer
Woodworking vs Carpentry
The real difference between fine woodworking and construction carpentry, and which one you're actually doing.
- How-to
How to Cut Dovetails
What each tool does, the steps in order, and what a first-timer can safely skip.
- Shop Setup
Essential Woodworking Tools
The core kit a first shop genuinely needs, plus the tools you can happily wait on.
- Beginner
Beginner Tool List
A no-nonsense starter list that won't blow the budget on things you won't reach for.
- Dust Collection
Sizing a Small-Shop Dust Collector
How to size a collector for a small shop — the CFM and duct math, worked out plainly.
- Explainer
Jointer vs Planer
What each machine actually does, why they aren't interchangeable, and which to buy first.
- How-to
How to Cut a Mortise and Tenon
The strongest joint in furniture, step by step — proportions, the mortise-first rule, and how to rescue a loose tenon.
- Explainer
Hand Plane Types Explained
What No. 4, No. 5 and No. 7 actually mean, and the honest answer to how few planes you can own.
- Shop Setup
Garage Workshop Layout
How to fit a working shop into a garage — planned around the space each machine needs to feed, not the space it occupies.
- Explainer
Table Saw vs Miter Saw
One rips, one crosscuts. Which you buy first depends on whether your work is furniture or trim.
- Explainer
Pocket Holes vs Dowels
Fast and visible against slow and invisible — how to pick the right joint in a paragraph.
- Dust Collection
Shop Vac vs Dust Collector
Where a shop vac stops being enough, and what a collector does that it can't.
- Explainer
Router Bit Types Explained
Six families of bit cover almost everything — what each does, and why a big bit has to spin slower.
- Explainer
Wood Joint Types Explained
Butt to dovetail: what each joint is genuinely strong at, and a simple rule for choosing.
- Dust Collection
Dust Collection Ducting
Hose versus pipe, where blast gates go, and the elbows that quietly cost you airflow.
- Shop Setup
Workshop Power Requirements
Reading a tool's amp rating, when 240V is worth it, and why that extension cord trips breakers.
- Explainer
Dovetail Jig vs Hand-Cut Dovetails
A jig wins on repetition; hand tools win on setup time and cost. Which route suits your drawers.
- Explainer
Waterstones vs Diamond Plates
One polishes finer and needs flattening; the other never dishes. Pick the system you'll actually use.
- Explainer
Plunge vs Fixed Base Router
One starts cuts mid-board, the other is steadier on edges — and why combo kits exist.
- Reference
Dust Collector CFM Chart
Published airflow figures by machine, and what each duct diameter can actually carry.
- Reference
Router Bit Speed Chart
Manufacturer-published maximum RPM by cutting diameter, and why the big bits run slow.
- Buyer's guide
Which Router Should You Buy?
Trim, fixed base or plunge, decided by what you make rather than by horsepower.
- Explainer
1/4 vs 1/2-Inch Router Bit Shanks
Why the bigger shank chatters far less, when the small one is fine, and why adapters disappoint.
- Explainer
Carpentry Tools vs Woodworking Tools
Which trade buys which tools, and the six that genuinely serve both.
- Dust Collection
Router Table Dust Collection
Two collection points, two different airflow problems — and which machine to put on each.
- Dust Collection
Lathe Dust Collection
Stop chasing the shavings. The sanding stage is the part that matters, and here's why.
- Buyer's guide
What Size Chisels Do I Need?
Four widths cover almost all furniture work, and the number on the box is the least useful spec a set publishes.
- Reference
Sanding Grit Progression
The grit ladder, why skipping grades shows up under finish, and where to stop before stain.
- How-to
Flatten a Board Without a Jointer
A jack plane, a planer sled or a router sled — three routes to one flat reference face.
- How-to
How to Mount a Bench Vise
Jaws flush with the benchtop, packing out a thin bench, and the toe-in nobody tells you about.
- How-to
How to Use a Pocket Hole Jig
Three settings have to agree, and all three come from one measurement.
- Shop Setup
How Tall Should a Workbench Be?
Measured from your own wrist rather than a standard, plus the table-saw outfeed trick.
- How-to
How to Use a Random Orbital Sander
Let the tool's weight do the work, move an inch a second, overlap half a pad — the seven rules that decide the surface.
- Troubleshooting
Why Your Sander Leaves Swirl Marks
Six causes in diagnostic order, how to tell them apart, and the one fix that makes marks worse.
- How-to
How to Cut a Mortise by Hand
Pick the chisel first and let it set the width — then chop from the middle outwards in stages.
- Technique
How to Use a Marking Gauge
Set it off the workpiece rather than a ruler, tilt it so the cutter trails, and reference every line from one face.
- Troubleshooting
How to Fix Gaps in Dovetails
A glued sliver of the same wood beats filler every time — and the gap's location tells you what went wrong.
- Shop Setup
How to Flatten a Workbench Top
Traverse, diagonal, then along the grain — an hour with a jack plane on the one board no machine can take.
- How-to
How to Sharpen Chisels
Flatten the back once, work up through the grits, raise and remove a burr — the habit that beats the steel.
- How-to
How to Tune a Hand Plane
Sharpen first, set the chipbreaker second, flatten the sole only if you must — in order of what changes the cut.
- How-to
How to Cut Dovetails With a Router
The jig setup sequence for half-blind and through dovetails, and the four mistakes that ruin a first attempt.
- How-to
How to Glue Up a Panel
Jointing, grain arrangement, clamp spacing and cauls — everything that decides flatness happens before the glue does.
- Explainer
Helical vs Straight Cutterheads
What a helical head actually changes — tear-out in figured wood, noise, and knife changes — plus who genuinely needs one.
- Dust Collection
How Much CFM Do You Actually Need?
Free-air CFM overstates what reaches the tool. The hose, fitting and port math, and the real target for one small-shop machine.
- Dust Collection
Table Saw Dust Collection
A table saw throws dust in two directions at once — below-blade extraction, over-arm guards, and the open-frame jobsite case.
- Dust Collection
Miter Saw Dust Collection
What the port can and cannot catch, and the hood-plus-vac-plus-air-filter combination that actually works.
- Explainer
Why Wood Dust Is Worth Taking Seriously
What IARC and OSHA say, which species sensitize, and the three-layer defense: capture, filter, protect.
- Shop Setup
Small Shop Setup Guide
Mobility, a real workbench, dust at the source and enough power — the four things that make a tight garage usable.
- Shop Setup
How to Store Lumber
Stickering, acclimation, keeping boards off concrete and rack spacing — and why a moisture meter beats every rule of thumb.
- How-to
How to Cut a Dado
Table saw, router or by hand — the depth rule, and why nominal 3/4 in. plywood never fits a 3/4 in. groove.
- How-to
How to Cut a Rabbet
Four ways to cut the step that holds every cabinet back on, including the two-pass table saw method that needs no extra tooling.
- Explainer
How Long to Clamp Wood Glue
Open time, clamp time and cure time are three different numbers — here are the manufacturer's published figures for each.
- Explainer
What Angle to Sharpen a Chisel
25 degrees ground, 30 degrees honed, and the two jobs that want something else — plus how to hit the same angle twice.
- How-to
How to Sand End Grain
Why end grain goes blotchy under stain, the grit sequence that fixes it, and the damp-wipe step everybody skips.
- How-to
How to Prevent Tearout
Grain direction, depth of cut, exit support and cutter geometry — the fixes in the order worth trying them.